Sunday, 7 June 2026

Episode 211: The Dominators (2)


Synopsis:
The Doctor and Jamie have come across the Dominator spaceship. They look around, and the Doctor wants to venture inside - but they suddenly see Toba, flanked by a pair of Quarks, on a nearby ridge. 
The Quarks ask if they should destroy...
Toba resists the urge to kill them, as his commander Rago has instructed that captives be taken for examination.
The Doctor and Jamie are brought into the spaceship, where the Quarks are used to molecularly bond them to a wall. Jamie is then given a physical examination which, apart from signs of recent rapid learning, show him to be relatively weak in comparison to a Dominator, having only one heart. Rago declines to carry out a similar examination of the Doctor, arguing that it would be a waste of resources as he is likely to be the same.
At the survey unit, Zoe continues to impress Cully due to her questions. He has tried to contact his father, Senex, but video reception is poor. Unable to communicate properly, Senex arranges for the two young people to travel to the Capitol by travel capsule. Balan sets the destination control on the small, two-seat, rocket-like craft.
Cully and Zoe arrive at the Capitol in only a few minutes, and enter the council chamber. Councillor Bovem is disputing with his colleagues when they arrive. On hearing that Zoe and her friends come from another world, this sparks a debate about life on other planets, and Zoe can see that the Dulcians are a bureaucratic people who debate issues endlessly.
Bovem accuses Cully of being a troublemaker, who is allowed to get away with things only because his father is their Director. At that moment Senex arrives. He dismisses the council in order to speak with his son and his friend privately.
Zoe tries to back up Cully's claims of spaceships and robots on the island - but has to admit that she hasn't actually seen these for herself. She is sure that the Doctor and Jamie will be along shortly to confirm what Cully has said.
They, meanwhile, are being subjected to a number of relatively simple tests in the Dominator spaceship.
The Doctor quickly realises that to appear intelligent might actually work against them. Best to pretend stupidity. He asks his companion if he can manage this... 
In each test, therefore, the pair deliberately perform badly. 
The survey team continue their work, and Balan explains away the lack of radiation here as indicative that its effects only last 172 years. He is becoming irritated that Teel and Kando are preoccupied with what Cully claimed to have witnessed.
The Doctor and Jamie are next taken by Rago to the war museum, where they are asked to explain the weaponry on display. Again they feign stupidity and ignorance.
Rago is suspicious, and so the Doctor claims that there are others on this planet cleverer than he and Jamie. It is they who know about the weapons. Rago notes that there must be two different species on Dulkis, and they must find representatives of the superior race to examine.
In the meantime, the Doctor and Jamie are allowed to go free so long as they do not interfere with their mission - their lack of intelligence making them no threat.
Frustrated that no-one believes them, Cully decides that they must get back to the island and find proof. In order to secure a travel capsule, they will have to use subterfuge. Zoe must change into Dulcian clothes to get past the capsule operators.
The Doctor and Jamie arrive back at the survey unit to learn that Zoe and Cully have already gone to the Capitol. They will follow, as they can now confirm Cully's story. 
After they have gone, Balan realises that they will get no work done until his students have seen this spaceship and its robots for themselves, so they set off to find them.
Rago and Toba are working on their drilling calculations when they see the three Dulcians approach their ship. Toba wishes to send the Quarks out to destroy them, but Rago orders they be taken for examination.
The trio are permitted to wander inside before being captured.
Teel is given the same physical examination which Jamie underwent, and this time differences are noted. Dulcians have two hearts for instance. The Doctor appeared to have been telling the truth about the two races, and these other Dulcians may well prove a suitable slave labour force.
Rago and Toba split up to search the island for more people like Teel, taking some Quarks with them.
Toba soon comes across the survey unit. He orders the Quarks inside, to scan and record all technological data.
Cully and Zoe land back at the unit only moments after the Quarks have withdrawn to the hillside nearby, where Toba gives the order to destroy the building.
The pair find themselves trapped inside as the unit begins to collapse around them...

Data:
Written by Norman Ashby
Recorded: Friday 25th May 1968 - Television Centre Studio TC4
First broadcast: 5.15pm, Saturday 17th August 1968
Ratings: 5.9 million / AI 55
VFX: Ron Oates
Designer: Barry Newbery
Director: Morris Barry
Additional cast: Walter Fitzgerald (Senex), Alan Gerrard (Bovem), Ronald Mansell, John Cross (Council Members), Freddie Wilson (Quark).


Critique:
Small travel capsules featured in the scripts even when the survey team were originally to have arrived on the island in a much bigger craft, as this would have contained one of them. They were described as cigar-shaped, with two seats, one behind the other. The curved door opened upwards on hinges.

Three Quarks were constructed by the freelance father and son team of Jack and John Lovell to Martin Baugh's design. The sketch had them in gold, but they were made from fibreglass in a gunmetal grey colour. The head was made from frosted perspex. 
All three were operated by boys from a drama school, who were pleased to be featuring in the series. They were chaperoned throughout the production. 
They wore box-like boots on their feet, and could see through an aperture just above the gun arms. Manipulating these was the main task for the boys. It was intended that whenever the Quarks were called upon to carry out any tasks, such as recharging or employing their molecular force, the arms would wave in and out.
Despite the difficulties of walking around in the suits in the middle of a sand and gravel pit, they did so without complaint.
In studio the Quarks were often bodily lifted, to quickly move them from set to set.
It is never clear just how many Quarks are on the ship. It appears to be 12, but try counting them as you watch the episodes.
As with the Servo Robot in the last story, there is something rather endearing about them, with their short stature coupled with the child-like voice. But then that was the intention - cute, but deadly.

It had been decided to film all of the explosive effects on location for the entire serial on the first day - Thursday 25th April - at Gerrards Cross. This included the attack on the survey unit building, which in this instance was a forced perspective model. Whilst the script stated that Toba employed only two Quarks to attack the unit, all three were filmed doing so.
Also filmed on this day were Balan, Teel and Kando approaching the Dominator spaceship, with a high shot taken, to be seen on the scanner inside the ship as viewed by Rago and Toba.
The following day, the travel capsule model was filmed at the Puppet Theatre in Television Centre. The same footage would be used in the third episode. A close-up image of the underside of the spaceship model was taken, to be viewed by the survey team.
Filming at Ealing on Tuesday 30th and Wednesday 1st May included the close-up of the Doctor's foot as he is given an electric shock from the floor. This was actually Chris Jeffries' foot as Troughton was not present.
Frazer Hines was required, as both he and Giles Block had to be filmed being bonded to the wall by the Quarks. This was simply filmed in reverse with the actors pressing themselves up against the wall then moving forward. The wall going from vertical to horizontal was achieved later in studio through tilting camera angles alone.


Joining rehearsals on Monday 20th May were Walter Fitzgerald, playing Senex, and Alan Gerrard, playing Bovem. Fitzgerald had worked with Patrick Troughton on a number of productions, both on TV and in film, whilst Gerrard would play four different roles in Coronation Street as well as appearing in series such as The Avengers. He had previously been directed by Morris Barry in soap The Newcomers and in Z-Cars.
Originally cast as statues were four young actresses, who would appear in the background of the council chamber. This was dropped just before recording. It has been claimed that these were to have moved very slowly, but they were simply to have stood motionless.
Last minute alterations were made to the script to reduce the council chamber scenes, including Cully claiming to have found a pile of travel passes in his father's chambers, and he only had to forge his signature to use them.
There was a visit to the studio on Friday 24th May by some of Troughton's family, as his daughter Jo wanted to meet Ronald Allen.
Of concern to Troughton was the sequence where Rago has Jamie fire a ray gun in the Doctor's direction. He never liked being too close to explosives such as flash charges, and the first attempt had already gone wrong when the charge failed to ignite. On the second attempt, the charge detonated with a bigger blast than expected and damaged the museum wall.
Three new sets debuted this week. Most impressive is Newbery's spaceship interior. He made use of reflective materials which appeared to create moving patterns when light was shone on them in a certain way. One side had a black drape against which white ropes and canes were suspended on wires, to simulate a navigation star-chart. There were also small illuminated panels depicting Quarks, which would flash in later episodes to indicate when one of the robots was under attack, and the light would go out when it was no longer functioning.
The travel capsule was simply a tube with two seats, built onto the side of the survey unit set. It had a small opening at the front to allow camera access. The hatch now slid to the side instead of opening outwards. This jammed at one point and almost crushed Arthur Cox's hand.
To indicate the capsule taking off, an inlay effect of a white iris opening up from blackness was employed. This could be reversed to show it landing at its destination.
The other new set was the Dulcian council chamber, which employed a background cyclorama depicting futuristic buildings, one of which - the broken egg-like sphere - is oddly reminiscent of Hieronymus Bosch. The set was dressed simply with comfortable chairs and TV monitors built into pedestals.
Three recording breaks were planned for the evening. Two were to position the examination table for Jamie and then for Teel, and the third was to allow Wendy Padbury to change into her Dulcian costume.
One of the Quark performers tripped over and the head fell off.
Flash charges were detonated around the survey unit set and lightweight debris was dropped from above for the climax to the episode.


A number of scenes were cut for timing reasons - mostly those involving Zoe and Cully. These included a couple of scenes in the travel capsule, where Zoe worked out their speed - 90,000 miles per hour - from the planet's circumference and their travel time to the Capitol. Cully also stated that the travel capsules had a manual override control, but it was so long ago that anyone had used it that people had forgotten where it was.
In the council chamber, he also told Zoe that his father was employed simply to maintain the old order established by previous Directors - to prevent aggression and suppress the yearning for adventure.
On approaching the spaceship, Balan was to have suspected that it was some new form of travel capsule designed by their own people, and Kando thought that, if so, it must have made a forced landing here.

If the second episode of The Dominators has a problem, it is lack of incident. Naturally we get an exciting cliffhanger, as Zoe and Cully arrive back at the survey unit just as Toba is blowing it up, but prior to that we have people going back and forth, and people talking in rooms.
It is the scenes between the Doctor, Jamie and the Dominators which are the most enjoyable - but they hardly move the plot on.
The Doctor and Jamie spend almost the entire episode as captives, undergoing a variety of intelligence tests. These start off in the spaceship - a wonderful Barry Newbery design - and then move to the museum.
These tests do allow for some humour to be displayed. The Doctor quickly realises that an intelligent enemy is going to be seen as more of a threat to the Dominators, so decides that he and Jamie should play dumb:
The Doctor: "Just act stupid. Do you think you can manage that?"
Jamie: "Och aye, it's easy" - then realises he's just been insulted.
The scene where the pair have to get off the central dais, only to find the floor electrified, provides a bit of clowning as they shock each other when they hold hands.
We also have a bit of sexual innuendo when Rago states that he is going to "probe your physiological make-up", to which the Doctor responds, alarmed, "Do what?".
But Rago isn't so easily fooled. 
Rago (to the Doctor): "Are you such a fool? You have intelligent eyes...".
The Doctor, of course, is following his usual special technique - of keeping his eyes open and his mouth shut, as he once told Eric Klieg on Telos.
He takes careful note of Rago's message to their fleet commander about "Materials being readily accessible" on the planet...

We are introduced to the leading council of Dulkis, and can see what Cully was talking about last time - his people really are bureaucratic and unadventurous.
When Teel reports that communications have been switched off at the council's end, he retorts: 
"Typical Dulcian behaviour. Something strange, something you don't understand and you switch off - " taps his head - "up here".
Balan simply accepts as fact that, as the radiation has disappeared, its effects must last only 172 years. The phrase "facts are facts" crops up over and over again from the survey team members.
We join the council as they debate the use of a piece of land for recreational purposes, and Bovem makes it clear that this has been discussed over and over for a considerable time, and so declares that they need to come to a decision. Then, when Zoe arrives claiming to be from another planet, this sparks off another debate.
Last week there was mention of a "new type of robot". This suggests that the Dulcians have robots of their own, and the debate about recreational land suggests that they have little need to work on this planet. It may be peaceful, but it is a somewhat indolent society, resting on its scientific achievements.

Trivia:
  • The ratings fail to improve, slipping below the 6 million mark. Launching a new series in August was clearly proving a bad idea.
  • Walter Fitzgerald was an accomplished character actor of the 1940's and '50's, appearing in movies such as The Winslow Boy, Around the World in 80 Days, The Cruel Sea, In Which We Serve and The Pickwick Papers, which also featured William Hartnell. The two also appeared together in Strawberry Roan and The Ringer. He had previously appeared on TV opposite Patrick Troughton in Paul of Tarsus, and the 1950 film adaptation of Treasure Island.
  • Senex was to have been named Somex - from the Latin for sleep.
  • Bovem's name derives from his bullish temperament.
  • It's a great pity that Rago didn't begin with the Doctor when he conducted his physiological probing, or studied him as well as Jamie, as it would have helped resolve the continuity issue of the Doctor's second heart. We only hear of it for the first time in Spearhead From Space, and the Doctor just underwent a thorough physical exam from Dr Gemma Corwyn in the previous story which failed to note it. In The Sensorites he mentions a heart, singular, and Ian listens to his heartbeat in The Edge of Destruction without comment - all of which would suggest that he does not have a second heart in either of these incarnations.
  • Two-hearted species can't be all that common, yet here we have a planet of twin-hearted aliens, who just happen to be visited by two different twin-hearted species on the same day - the Doctor and the Dominators. It's implied the latter have two hearts, as they see Jamie's single one as a weakness. 
  • Radio Times featured artwork of the Quarks on the programme listings page this week, and Walter Fitzgerald was named first in the guest cast:

Friday, 5 June 2026

Anthony Head (1954 - 2026)


It has been announced today that actor Anthony Head has died, aged 72.
He is best known for his role as Giles in Buffy The Vampire Slayer but first came to notice through a series of romantic coffee adverts.
In Doctor Who he played headmaster Hector Finch in 2006's School Reunion, and also narrated Doctor Who Confidential. His name frequently came up when the starring role was due to be recast.
RIP

Inspirations: Smile


As with previous new companions up to this point, the usual pattern of (mostly) contemporary Earth setting, followed by far future adventure, followed by a trip to a historical period, was decided on for Bill. Smile would be her future story.
The reason we concentrate on just her and the Doctor for much of the running time was simply to establish their relationship.
Writer Frank Cottrell-Boyce had previously contributed the story In the Forest of the Night in Series 8 - a fantastical premise which would surely have seen Chris Bidmead's head explode on DWM's "Bidmead-O-Meter", which rated stories with utterly daft science.
For his next submission, he decided to provide something based much more on real science.
Preparing for an anthology of science fiction short stories, Cottrell-Boyce had approached a scientist working at the Jodrell Bank radio telescope, to discuss how humans might in future colonise other planets. He was advised that this would likely be done by sending robots on ahead to prepare the way.
Noting the preponderance of dystopian futures laid out in the genre, the writer wanted to present a utopian society, in which the lives of the human colonists were regulated by robots and artificial intelligence, working to their benefit. This then led to thoughts about what rights these robots / AI would have were they to become self-aware.
Steven Moffat was pleased with this as a backdrop to a story, which does not surprise as "AI gone wrong" had already been used by him on more than one occasion. It had taken over from the "mad computer" style of story, variations of which ran throughout the classic series.

Cottrell-Boyce had noted the increasing use of emojis which were being employed more widely. He saw these as a new language, which had begun to grow beyond social media.
Peter Capaldi and Moffat both explained on Doctor Who Extra that they neither used nor fully understood emojis, but Jenna Coleman had used them all the time, rendering some of her texts to them near unintelligible.
The Emojibots were originally envisioned as simple boxes with arms, with a screen on the upper surface on which they would communicate by displaying emoji icons. They were not intended to have any human-like form.
As well as the Emojibots, Smile features nanobots named Vardies. This derived from the scientist Dr Andrew Vardy, who researched swarm robotics at the University of Newfoundland in Canada. He had attended a conference in 2013, one of whose aims was to link scientists with authors. Vardy and Cottrell-Boyce collaborated on a story the following year.
Insect-like in the final programme, they were originally intended to be hedgehog-like in appearance.

The writer named the colony world Erewhon - an anagram and near palindrome of "nowhere". There are two possible inspirations for this. 
The first is the 1872 novel Erewhon: or, Over the Range, by Samuel Butler. This told of a utopian country and acted as a satire on Victorian society. One aspect of this was that the sick were branded as law-breakers, as they could not uphold the general happiness expected of the inhabitants.
Then there is News From Nowhere (Or an Epoch of Rest), written by William Morris in 1890 which told of another utopian society.
As the working title for Smile was "News From Nowhere", we can assume the latter - though Morris may have himself been inspired by Butler's work.
In the finished story, it is only the colony ship which is named Erewhon, and the planet has the designation Gliese 581D. Gliese 581 is a red dwarf star around which a "Super Earth" exoplanet was discovered in 2007 - Gliese 581c. It is 20.4 light years from Earth in the constellation of Libra, makes a complete orbit in 13 days, and has one hemisphere permanently facing its star. In terms of surface conditions, it is thought to resemble those on Venus.

An Earth colony in which the populace are forced to be happy is not a new idea for the show. The concept featured in The Macra Terror, and in The Happiness Patrol.
At one point the Doctor quotes David Bowie: "I'm happy, hope you're happy too", from his 1980 hit Ashes to Ashes.
The Doctor states that the Scots seek independence on every planet colonised. A referendum was underway at the time of writing. Scotland going it alone after abandoning Earth had also been mentioned in The Beast Below.
Steadfast is said to be a MedTech One grade. 'MedTech' was the designation given to Vira in The Ark in Space - suggesting that these colonists may have left Earth not long before the solar flares which led to the setting up of space station Nerva as a sanctuary.
Ralf Little had featured in the movie 24 Hour Party People - which was also written by Cottrell-Boyce.
The colony ship is said to have a Fleishman Cold Fusion Engine. This was named after Martin Fleishman, a chemist who had claimed to have discovered cold fusion.
Noting how the seats in the TARDIS are so far from the console, Bill asks the Doctor if he has stretchy arms like Captain Fantastic of Marvel's Fantastic Four. She also asks if they have to wear seatbelts whilst in flight. The TARDIS had been seen to have safety belts, which attached to the console itself, in Timelash.
Next time: The Doctor and Bill return to Earth and meet with a frosty reception...

Tuesday, 2 June 2026

R is for... Raak


A marine creature native to the planet Thoros Beta, home to the Mentors. One specimen was surgically altered by the corrupt Earth scientist Crozier as part of an experiment to find a new host body for the brain of the Mentor leader Lord Kiv. It was then employed to operate a tidal control machine. When the Doctor and Peri entered the chamber where it worked, it attacked them and the Doctor was forced to kill it with a phaser.
Crozier was alarmed to hear that it had regressed and become aggressive, as this meant that his experiment was a failure.
In appearance it had a bulbous head, clawed tentacles and sharp fangs.

Played by Russell West. Appearances: Trial of a Time Lord - Mindwarp (1986).

Q is for... Qurunx


The Qurunx was a powerful sentient energy form which had almost become extinct throughout the universe. One was being transported through the Toraji system in a space-going train. It was in the physical form of a little girl. The train was hijacked by Cybermen under the command of the Master. A small moon had been converted into a Cyber-conversion planet which had been moved into an orbit around the Earth of 1916, and the Qurunx was required to power this. 
The Qurunx had taken on the form of a child as a defence mechanism - appearing as something which needed protecting.
The Doctor was later able to deactivate its humanoid shield and free it, and in its natural form the Qurunx resembled a mass of glowing tendrils of energy. She ordered it to begin destroying the planet. The Master regained control over it temporarily, and its energies struck the Doctor - triggering her regeneration. The energy form then drifted off into space once the planet had been destroyed.


Played by Neo-Rae Gardener. Appearances: The Power of the Doctor (2022)

Q is for... Quinn


Dr John Quinn was chief scientist at the Wenley Moor research centre, built beneath the Derbyshire countryside. Here, a Cyclotron was being developed which could produce vast amounts of cheap electricity. UNIT were brought in to provide additional security after a series of nervous breakdowns were reported amongst the staff, accompanied by unaccountable power losses. Two of the staff who went potholing in the nearby cave systems were then involved in an incident which left one dead and the other mentally disturbed. Quinn knew the cause of these incidents, but confided only in his friend and fellow scientist Miss Dawson.
He was also a keen potholer, and during one of his expeditions he had discovered a race of intelligent bipedal reptiles, living in a shelter built within the cave system. They were the ancient race of Silurians, who had ruled the Earth before the ascent of the human race. Eager to learn from them, he agreed to assist them in syphoning off power from the Cyclotron to reanimate their hibernating kin - promised scientific secrets in return. He carried out small acts of sabotage, such as tampering with the centre's logbooks so no pattern in the power losses could be discerned.
When one of the Silurians was wounded and forced onto the moors, they sought his help in rescuing it. He was given a summoning device which would attract it to him. After the creature had attacked and killed a farmer at a remote farm, the Doctor and Liz Shaw became suspicious of him as he appeared to have driven well out of his way to visit the scene. UNIT troops then heard the summoning device being activated, and tyre marks indicated that Quinn had been in the vicinity.
The Doctor went to his cottage and found the temperature inside extremely hot, which Quinn dismissed as due to a faulty thermostat - but the scientist had already told Miss Dawson that he had found the Silurian and was going to hold it hostage until its people gave him the knowledge they had promised.
Guessing as much, the Doctor tried to talk him into co-operating with him, but Quinn declined.
The wounded Silurian recovered and killed him.

Played by Fulton Mackay. Appearances: The Silurians (1970)
  • Mackay was a strong contender to replace Jon Pertwee as the Fourth Doctor. Producer Barry Letts had met him at a dinner party hosted by Roger Delgado and was impressed by him. However, he was worried that he would give an acting performance as the Doctor, whereas what he really wanted was a natural eccentric whose personality would feed into the role. It became a moot point anyway as Mackay had recorded the pilot for a prison-set sitcom - Porridge - starring Ronnie Barker, and this was to go into series. Mackay became famous for his role as the officious Chief Warden Mr Mackay, also appearing in a movie spin-off and the sequel series Going Straight.
  • Other TV roles include an appearance in "The Return of the Cybernauts" for The Avengers, and he was a regular in Special Branch. There were also guest appearances in Some Mother's Do 'Ave 'EmDad's Army and roles in Z-Cars and Coronation Street. He hosted the UK version of children's series Fraggle Rock as the Captain.
  • In 1983 he featured in the film Local Hero, appearing opposite Hollywood legend Burt Lancaster and future Doctor Peter Capaldi.
  • He died, aged 64, in 1987, and is buried in East Sheen Cemetery. 
  • Quinn has the first name Matthew in the novelisation by its writer Malcolm Hulke. His backstory was that he was the son of a famous scientist who bullied him into Physics when he really wanted to be a palaeontologist. He had been married but his wife had died in a car crash.

Q is for... Quillam


Quillam was the sadistic technical director and deviser of programmes on the planet Varos, which had once been a penal colony for the criminally insane. His role was to come up with new forms of torture and execution which would be broadcast to the public as a means of social control. Varos now relied entirely on its mineral wealth - a substance named Zeiton 7, which was essential for space / time vessels. The populace worked under harsh conditions in the mines. The government of the planet were hoping to add the sale of their punishment videos to other planets as an extra source of income.
Quillam's latest experiments were with a transmogrifier, which mutated people into whatever their subconscious desired. Early tests on himself had led to his face becoming horribly scarred, and he wore a mask to conceal his disfigurement. The transmogrifier owed its existence to the observation that the miners grew claws to help them dig better. 
It was tested on the Doctor's companion Peri and her friend Areta, wife of rebel leader Jondar. The latter began to transform into a reptile, whilst Peri became bird-like - assumed to be a desire to fly away from her ordeal.
Pursuing the Doctor and his friends into the very heart of the Punishment Dome, Quillam and the Chief Officer of Varos fell into a trap and were killed - the Doctor having tied up highly toxic vines which were then cut free and swung into their faces.

Played by Nicholas Chagrin. Appearances: Vengeance on Varos (1985)
  • Quillam only appears in the second episode of the story.
  • Chagrin is the son of composer Francis Chagrin, who wrote the music for The Dalek Invasion of Earth.
  • Other TV work included the BBC Shakespeare adaptation of The Comedy of Errors and the 2001 made-for-television version of Murder on the Orient Express.